Although the system works effectively on most real-time images, more calibration is still essential to solve the disputable concerns so as to generalize and cater to the varying needs of academicians, bioinformaticians and cytogeneticists. Presence of marker chromosomes which resemble artifacts might be accidentally removed. Conjoined, twisted, overlapped or over-segmented chromosomes also pose a challenge in image capture, extraction and analysis.
The native images can be acquired at various intensity levels; hence thresholding ought to be performed accordingly. Genetic disorders, where the human chromosomes vary in number (less than or greater than 46), can affect the ordering and pairing of karyotype. There may be circumstances where vertical alignment may result in positioning the chromosomes upside down. Thus, overturning the specified chromosomes is mandatory for precise arrangement. At times, manual input becomes vital for masking the region of interest in the microscopic images. Lastly, exact matching or coupling might also require human involvement with features of drag and drop or control buttons.
FLAWS
1. Classification for entire cells in inconsistent
2. Feature stability in not possible
3. After rotation, gray level manipulations occur – distortion in feature calculation
4. Features vary from cell to cell in same person
5. Orientation of overlapping chromosomes
Automatic Karyotyping 